EFC Design 1014 (Cascade type): Notes & Illustrations
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Notes: Design 1014 appears to have originated with three 7500 deadweight ton freighters, Golden Gate, Key West, and Storviken (yard nos. 88-90), that were ordered in 1916 from Seattle's original steel shipyard, the Seattle Construction and Dry Dock Co., and delivered to Norwegian owners in May-July 1917. This yard then received orders for three more 7500 dwt ships for Norway, one for France, and six for Britain, all of which along with one for the yard's account were later requisitioned for U.S. use by the Shipping Board on 3 August 1917. In 1916 the William H. Todd Corporation of New York purchased the Seattle company, apparently without changing its name. Todd then built a new yard, the Todd Dry Dock & Construction Co., at Tacoma, Washington, to which the U.K. orders and the yard account ship were transferred from Seattle. On 5 June 1917 the Seattle Construction and Dry Dock Co. received an EFC contract for ten more ships of this 7500 dwt type (EFC Hulls 105-114), now officially called Design 1014. In 1918 Todd shifted its repair business in Seattle to Harbor Island near to the Ames and Duthie shipyards, concentrated its construction business at the Tacoma yard, and sold the original Seattle shipyard to the Shipping Board who on 1 June 1918 handed it over to its neighbor, the Skinner & Eddy Corp., for operation as its Shipyard No. 2. On 31 August 1918 the Todd Dry Dock & Construction Co. received an EFC order for 24 more ships of this type (EFC Hulls 2629 to 2652), of which the last 12 were cancelled after the war. Each ship beginning with the British order had two builder's yard numbers, one at Seattle and one at Tacoma, leading to later confusion as to which ship was built in which yard. Construction dates and press reports indicate that the Norwegian and French orders and EFC Hulls 107-110 were built at Seattle, while the British orders, EFC 105-106, 111-114, and 2629-2640 were built at Tacoma. The name associated with the design, "Cascade," was the American name given to the last ship in the British order. Requisitioned Sisters: These included one French and three Norwegian ships at Seattle (Yard nos. 92 to 95) and six British ships and one ship for the yard at Tacoma (Tacoma yard nos 1-7). All are covered in the Requisitioned Ships portion of the McKellar list. Yard numbers: For reference the correlations between the Seattle and Tacoma yard numbers were: Seattle 92-95 (no Tacoma numbers); Seattle 96-99 = Tacoma 3, 1, 5, and 6; Seattle 100 = Tacoma 30 (USS Omaha); Seattle 101-105 = Tacoma 2, 4, 7, 20, and 21; Seattle 106-107 = Tacoma 31-32 (USS Milwaukee and Cincinnati); Seattle 108-111 = Tacoma 22-25; Seattle 112-115 = Tacoma 26-29; and Seattle 116-127 = Tacoma 8-19. Tacoma nos. 33-34 were Tacoma nos. 18-19 completed privately. The differences in the number series may result from the order in which ships were reassigned between the yards. Specifications: Design 1014 (S.S. Ossining, EFC Hull 105): Steel Cargo. Deadweight tons: 7500 designed, 7658 actual. Dimensions: 396' length oa, 380' pp x 53' beam mld. x 29.3' depth mld., 23.7' draft loaded. Propulsion: 1 screw, 1 triple expansion engine, 3 Baden water tube boilers, 2400 IHP, 10.5 kts. Configuration: 3-island, 2 decks, 5 holds, 5 hatches. |
| S.S. Jacona (Design 1014, EFC Hull 111) fitting out on 25 January 1919 at the Todd Dry Dock and Construction Co., Tacoma, Wash. This ship had the unusual fate of being converted to a non-self propelled power plant at Newport News in 1930. After serving in Maine and New Hampshire she became an Army ship in 1945 and the Navy's YFP-1 in 1947. She was reportedly still in excellent condition when transferred from the Navy to the Philippines in 1971. (NARA: RG-32-UB) (Click photo to enlarge) |
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S.S. Storviken (Design 1014 precursor) This 7500 deadweight ton freighter, built to the order of the Haakon Wallen Co. of Bergen, Norway, by the Seattle Construction and Dry Dock Co., was one of three Norwegian ships whose design apparently became EFC Design 1014. Storviken was launched at Seattle on 6 June 1917 and delivered on 23 July 1917. Photo No. None Source: Pacific Marine Review, October 1917, page 77. |
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S.S. Sacramento (As Design 1014, Seattle No. 92) Shown in 1946-47 as the Swedish Othello. She was built with two widely-spaced derrick posts in place of each of her cargo masts and probably a single topmast on a pole amidships. After the war the derrick posts were connected at the top and fitted with topmasts while the mast amidships was removed. Photo No. None Source: Shipscribe |
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S.S. Masuda (As Design 1014, Tacoma No. 3) Shown during launching on 23 May 1918 by the Todd Shipyards at Tacoma. She had been begun for the yard's account, sold to the Barber Steamship Co., and later requisitioned. Note the large Japanese flag on the right side of the bow decorations and the name board to starboard. Her Seattle yard number was 96. Photo No. 165-WW-499A-080 Source: U.S. National Archives, RG-165-WW |
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S.S. Vittorio Emanuele III (As Design 1014, Seattle No. 95) Shown immediately after launching on 24 May 1918 at Seattle by the Seattle Construction and Dry Dock Co. She had been ordered by a Norwegian firm and later requisitioned. The assisting wooden-hulled tug is the Prosper of the Puget Sound Tug and Barge Co. Both masts are hinged at the bottom to allow them to be lowered. Photo No. 165-WW-502E-004 Source: U.S. National Archives, RG-165-WW |
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S.S. Willimantic (Design 1014, EFC Hull 107) Just after launching on 29 May 1918 at Seattle by the Seattle Construction and Dry Dock Co. She was the first of six EFC Design 1014 ships built at the company's Seattle yard. The assisting tug is the Prosper of Seattle. Photo No. NH 65082 Source: NHHC, also NARA RG-19-LCM |
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S.S. Cascade (As Design 1014, Tacoma No. 7) Fitting out at Tacoma on 25 January 1919. Ordered by the British and named War Regent, she was requisitioned in August 1917 and renamed. Although she was built at Tacoma as its Yard no. 7, her Seattle yard number of 103 is shown in the photo's legend. Photo No. None Source: NARA: RG-32-UB |
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S.S. Cascade (As Design 1014, Tacoma No. 7) The last ship of the British order fitting out at Tacoma on 20 March 1919. She was delivered on 31 May 1919. EFC Design 1014 was known as the "Cascade type." Photo No. None Source: NARA: RG-32-UB |
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S.S. Olen (Design 1014, EFC Hull 2629) The first ship of the second EFC order photographed on 23 August 1919 for the USSB Division of Operations. She was delivered at Tacoma on 5 August 1919. Photo No. None Source: Shipscribe |
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S.S. Olen (Design 1014, EFC Hull 2629) View of the forward deck taken on 23 August 1919 by the "Todd Dry Dock & Ship Co., Tacoma," for the USSB Division of Operations. Note the deck cargo of lumber and the men working in the 'tween deck. She is probably loading her first cargo in the Port of Seattle. Photo No. None Source: Shipscribe |
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S.S. Olen (Design 1014, EFC Hull 2629) View of the after deck taken on 23 August 1919 by Todd, Tacoma, for the USSB Division of Operations. Note the deck cargo of lumber and the wireless house in its usual position on top of the after end of the bridge house. Photo No. None Source: Shipscribe |
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S.S. St. Anthony (Design 1014, EFC Hull 2632) At Tacoma on 22 January 1920 two days before her completion. Photo No. None Source: NARA: RG-32-UB |
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